ENERGY LEVELS OF SINGLY-IONIZED CALIFORNIUM 249 Cf II

The first observation of the californium spectrum in a spark resulted in a list of 14 lines (62.3), five of which have been later interpreted as Cf II transitions. By using an electrodeless discharge lamp with about 0.12 mg of 249Cf, the emission spectrum was observed on the 9 m Paschen-Runge spectrograph at Argonne National Laboratory. The lowest level pair 5f10( 5I8 )7s J = 17/2-15/2 of Cf II was derived from hfs measurements of very strong lines (70.3).

By combining Fourier transform spectra recorded at Laboratoire Aimé Cotton (77.6) and the photographic observations, a list of about 13000 lines has been prepared, covering the range 240-2860 nm. From this list, 36 even and 158 odd levels have been discovered and reported as (89.1) in the Tables of Actinides (1992). The later publication  (95.1) gives 40 even and 172 odd levels of Cf II. As the transitions from 5f107p to the ground state have an average hyperfine structure of +0.500 cm-1,W=-0.500cm-1 has been taken as a reference for the hfs widths. This assumption leads to small W values for the levels of configurations with no s-electron. For the reason given in the introduction to Cf I, the energy level values and widths are accurate to ± 0.05 cm-1 or better. The g-factors have been measured from the photographic observations. The isotope shifts 250Cf - 249Cf were available for the strongest lines and helped labelling the levels. The attribution of the 32 lowest even levels to 5f107s and 5f106d on is confirmed by  a Racah-Slater type parametric interpretation. The known levels are not affected by configuration mixing and the study of 5f107s alone is meaningful (80.4). In absence of theoretical calculations, the interpretation of the odd levels is empirical and is carefully limited to 5f96d7s and 5f107p, although three other configurations are predicted (71.2) in the energy range of the experimental levels, namely 5f97s2, 5f11 and 5f96d2.